All the questions have been directly picked from Carranza 11th edition
1.
Allografts are
a.
bone obtained from the same individual
b.
bone obtained from a different individual of the
same species
c.
bone from a different species.
d.
Bones obtained from identical twins
Hint✅🔑
Ans: B
·
autografts are bone obtained from the
same individual;
·
allografts are bone obtained from a
different individual of the same species; and
·
xenografts are bone from a different
species
·
Bones obtained from identical twins are called isografts
2.
A physical effect by which the matrix of
the graft forms a scaffold that favors outside cells to penetrate the graft and
form new bone is called
a.
Osteogenesis
b.
Osteo-induction
c.
Osteo-conduction
d.
Guided tissue regeneration
Hint✅🔑
Ans: C
·
Osteogenesis refers to the formation or development of new bone
by cells contained in the graft.
·
Osteoinduction is a chemical process by which molecules
contained in the graft (e.g., bone morphogenetic proteins)
convert the neighboring cells into osteoblasts, which in turn form bone.
·
Osteoconduction is a physical effect by which the matrix of the
graft forms a scaffold that favors outside cells to penetrate the graft and
form new bone.
3.
The flap technique best suited for
grafting purposes (reconstructive surgery ) is
a.
papilla preservation flap
b.
modified Widman flap
c.
undisplaced flap
d.
apically displaced flap
Hint✅🔑
ans: A
·
The flap technique best suited for grafting
purposes is the papilla preservation flap because it provides complete coverage
of the interdental area after suturing.
4.
A technique using a mixture of bone dust
and blood is called as
a.
bone blend technique
b.
bone swaging technique
c.
bone grind technique
d.
osseous coagulum
Hint✅🔑
ans: D
Robinson described a technique using a mixture of bone dust
and blood that he termed osseous coagulum. The technique uses small particles ground from
cortical bone. The advantage of the particle size is that it provides
additional surface area for the interaction of cellular and vascular elements.
5.
Advantages of osseous coagulum are
a.
ability to procure adequate material for large
defects
b.
ease of obtaining bone from an area already
exposed during surgery
c.
relatively high predictability
d.
all of the above
Hint✅🔑
ans: B
·
Sources of the graft material include the
lingual ridge on the mandible, exostoses, edentulous ridges, the bone distal to
a terminal tooth, bone removed by osteoplasty or ostectomy, and the lingual
surface of the mandible or maxilla at least 5 mm from the roots
·
The obvious advantage of this technique is the ease
of obtaining bone from an area already exposed during surgery.
·
The disadvantages are its relatively low
predictability and the inability to procure adequate material for large defects.
6.
Allograft closely associated with bone
morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) is
a.
freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA)
b.
demineralized FDBA (DFDBA)
c.
Kiel bone
d.
Bio-Oss (Osteohealth)
Hint✅🔑
Ans: B
·
Kiel bone is calf or ox bone denatured with 20%
hydrogen peroxide, dried with acetone, and sterilized with ethylene oxide.
·
Bio-Oss (Osteohealth) is a bovine-derived bone.
It is an osteoconductive material.
·
Demineralization of DFDBA in cold, diluted
hydrochloric acid exposes the components of bone matrix, which are closely
associated with collagen fibrils and have been termed bone morphogenetic
proteins (BMPs).
·
Freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA) is
considered an osteoconductive material, whereas demineralized FDBA (DFDBA) is
considered an osteoinductive graft. Hence, DFDBA has a higher osteogenic
potential than FDBA and is therefore preferred.
7.
Untrue about Biologic Mediators are:
a.
used to stimulate periodontal wound healing
b.
promote the differentiation of cells to become
osteoblasts
c.
recombinant human PDGF (rhPDGF) -BB is approved
by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) only for periodontal regeneration
d.
research shows that macrophages play no role in
the secretion of the biological mediators.
Hint✅🔑
Ans: D
8.
Most common type of bone defect is
a.
horizontal
b.
vertical
c.
combination of horizontal and vertical
d.
ledges formation
Hint✅🔑
ans: C
Bone loss has been classified as either “horizontal” or
“vertical,” but in fact, bone loss is most often a combination of horizontal
and vertical loss.
9.
Untrue about horizontal bone loss
a.
generally results in a relative thickening of
the marginal alveolar bone
b.
may result from chronic periodontitis
c.
is seen in case of trauma from occlusion
d.
may occur in combination with vertical bone loss
Hint✅🔑
ans: C
·
Horizontal bone loss generally results in a
relative thickening of the marginal alveolar bone because bone tapers as it approaches
its most coronal margin.
10. Osseous
surgery designed to restore the form of preexisting alveolar bone to the level
present at the time of surgery or slightly more apical to this level
a.
Additive osseous surgery
b.
Substractive osseous surgery
c.
Resective osseous surgery
d.
Non- Resective osseous surgery
Hint✅🔑
Ans: B
·
Osseous surgery can be either additive or
subtractive in nature.
·
Additive osseous surgery includes procedures
directed at restoring the alveolar bone to its original level,
·
Subtractive osseous surgery is designed to
restore the form of preexisting alveolar bone to the level present at the time
of surgery or slightly more apical to this level
11. One-wall
angular defects
a.
usually need to be recontoured surgically
b.
treated with techniques that strive for new
attachment and bone reconstruction
c.
treated with either method, depending on their
depth, width, and general configuration
d.
treated with guided tissue regeneration
Hint✅🔑
ans: A
·
One-wall angular defects usually need to be
recontoured surgically.
·
Three-wall defects, particularly if they are
narrow and deep, can be successfully treated with techniques that strive for
new attachment and bone reconstruction.
·
Two-wall angular defects can be treated with
either method, depending on their depth, width, and general configuration.
12. Not
a disadvantage of osseous surgery
a.
performed at the expense of bony tissue
b.
least predictable pocket reduction technique
c.
increased loss of attachment
d.
technique sensitive.
Hint✅🔑
Ans: B
·
Osseous resective surgery is the most
predictable pocket reduction technique
13. When
the bone is consistently more coronal on the interproximal surfaces than on the
facial and lingual surfaces, the osseous architecture is considered to be
a.
positive
b.
negative
c.
flat
d.
ideal
Hint✅🔑
ans: D
·
Note that not all of the above positive
architectures are ideal.
·
Osseous form is considered to be “ideal” when
the bone is consistently more coronal on the interproximal surfaces than on the
facial and lingual surfaces. The ideal form of the marginal bone has similar
interdental height, with gradual, curved slopes between interdental peaks.
·
The architecture is “positive” if the radicular
bone is apical to the interdental bone.
·
The bone has “negative” architecture if the
interdental bone is more apical than the radicular bone.
·
Flat architecture is the reduction of the interdental
bone to the same height as the radicular bone.
14. Most
common bony defects found in the periodontitis patients is
a.
One –walled defect
b.
Two-walled defect
c.
Three- walled defect
d.
Spiral defects
Hint✅🔑
Ans: B
·
Two-walled defects (craters) are the most common
bony defects found in patients with periodontitis.
15. The
sequence of resective osseous surgery are
a.
Vertical grooving , Flattening interproximal
bone, Radicular blending, Gradualizing marginal bone
b.
Vertical grooving , Radicular blending, Flattening interproximal bone, Gradualizing
marginal bone
c.
Vertical grooving , Radicular blending, Flattening
interproximal bone, Gradualizing marginal bone
d.
Vertical grooving , Flattening interproximal
bone, Gradualizing marginal bone, Radicular blending
Hint✅🔑
Ans: B
Vertical grooving is the first step of the resective process
because it can define the general thickness and subsequent form of the alveolar
housing.
16. Hand
instruments are preferred over the rotary instruments in
a.
Vertical grooving
b.
Radicular blending
c.
Flattening interproximal bone
d.
Gradualizing marginal bone
Hint✅🔑
Ans: D
